the dyslexic brain
"Dyslexic people have a unique way of thinking. They often see solutions others don’t, because they see the world differently."
– Dr. Sally Shaywitz, co-director of the Yale Center for Dyslexia & Creativity
Understanding Dyslexia and the Benefits of Sequential, Structured Instruction
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Dyslexia is a specific learning disability that is neurological in origin, characterized by difficulties with accurate and/or fluent word recognition and by poor spelling and decoding abilities. These challenges often result from a deficit in the phonological component of language, making it hard for individuals to connect letters with their corresponding sounds.
The Dyslexic Brain
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Research indicates that individuals with dyslexia process language differently due to variations in brain anatomy and function. Neuroimaging studies have shown that dyslexia is associated with difficulty in processing the orthography (the written form) and phonology (the sound structure) of language.
Sequential, Structured Instruction
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Sequential, structured instruction, often referred to as Structured Literacy, is an educational approach tailored to the unique learning profiles of individuals with dyslexia. This method is characterized by explicit, systematic, and cumulative teaching of language concepts, ensuring that students master foundational skills before progressing to more complex ones.
Key Components:
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Explicit Instruction: Direct teaching of specific concepts without assuming prior knowledge.
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Systematic Approach: Information is presented in a logical order, from simple to complex.
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Cumulative Teaching: Each lesson builds upon previously acquired skills, reinforcing learning.
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Multisensory Engagement: Incorporating visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and tactile elements to enhance memory and learning.
Why It Works for Dyslexic Learners
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The structured nature of this instructional approach aligns with the learning needs of dyslexic individuals by providing clear, predictable patterns that aid in the acquisition and retention of language skills. Multisensory techniques engage multiple pathways in the brain, facilitating better integration and retrieval of information. This method not only addresses the specific challenges faced by dyslexic learners but also leverages their strengths, promoting confidence and academic success.
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Supporting Research
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Studies have demonstrated that structured literacy approaches are effective in improving reading skills among individuals with dyslexia. For instance, the Orton-Gillingham method, which employs a structured, flexible, multisensory way of teaching reading and writing, has been shown to remediate dyslexia to the point of "normal" counterparts.
Understanding the neurological basis of dyslexia underscores the importance of tailored instructional methods. Sequential, structured instruction offers a proven pathway to help dyslexic learners develop essential reading and writing skills, empowering them to achieve their full potential.
Helpful Resources:
Overcoming Dyslexia; Sally Shaywitz